| The classic signs of raised jugular venous pressure and fine basal crepitations become evident at the later stages of heart failure when there is severe dysfunction. |
| Early clinical signs include tachycardia and tachypnoea, mild pyrexia, basal crepitations, and dependent oedema. |
| On physical examination, crepitations were the main auscultatory findings, followed by rhonchi and wheezing. |
| Lung sounds are usually normal, or with minimal bibasal crepitations, and talc deposits may sometimes be visualized in the blood vessels of the retina. |
| Esophageal perforation may result in neck swelling, crepitations, and pneumomediastinum. |
| Other manifestations included tachycardia, tachypnoea, severe breathlessness, crepitations, haemorrhages and urinary incontinence. |
